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Bust Quarter (1796-1838): America's First Quarter Dollar

The Bust Quarter holds a significant place in the history of American coinage. Produced from 1796 to 1838, this series represents the first quarter dollars struck by the United States Mint. The Bust Quarter includes two major design types: the Draped Bust and the Capped Bust. Each type reflects the artistic and historical evolution of the early U.S. Mint.

Draped Bust Quarter (1796-1807)

The Draped Bust Quarter, introduced in 1796, was the first quarter dollar minted by the United States. Designed by Robert Scot, the Draped Bust series features a portrait of Liberty with flowing hair and draped clothing on the obverse. The reverse side showcases an eagle surrounded by a wreath. The design was inspired by the work of renowned artist Gilbert Stuart.

Key Dates and Varieties

  • 1796 Draped Bust Quarter: The inaugural year of the series saw a mintage of only 6,146 coins, making it one of the rarest and most sought-after quarters among collectors.
  • 1804 Draped Bust Quarter: Another key date, with a mintage of just 6,738 coins. This year is particularly notable because of the high demand and low survival rate of these coins.

Capped Bust Quarter (1815-1838)

The Capped Bust Quarter replaced the Draped Bust design in 1815. U.S. Mint assistant engraver John Reich created this design. The Capped Bust series features a more matronly Liberty wearing a cap, facing left on the obverse. The reverse depicts a heraldic eagle with a shield on its chest, clutching arrows and an olive branch.

learn about the U.S. Mint Bust Quarter series

Coin images sourced from: National Numismatic Collection, National Museum of American History

Key Dates and Varieties

  • 1815 Capped Bust Quarter: The first year of the Capped Bust series, with a mintage of 89,235 coins. This date is highly prized by collectors as it marked the return of quarter dollar production after an eight-year hiatus.
  • 1822 Capped Bust Quarter: Known for its low mintage of just 64,080 coins, making it one of the rarest dates in the Capped Bust series.
  • 1823/2 Capped Bust Quarter: A notable overdate variety, where the 3 was punched over a 2. This rare variety is highly sought after by numismatists.

Historical Context

The production of Bust Quarters was sporadic and limited due to the young nation’s evolving monetary needs and minting capabilities. Early U.S. coins, including the Bust Quarters, were struck on manually operated presses, which contributed to their relatively low mintages and variations in quality.

Collecting Bust Quarters

Bust Quarters are highly valued by collectors for their rarity. Collectors often seek well-preserved examples with clear details, as many coins from this era show considerable wear. Key dates and varieties, especially those with low mintages or unique characteristics like overdates, can command high premiums in the numismatic market.

Value and Investment Potential

The value of Bust Quarters varies widely based on condition, rarity, and historical importance. Coins in higher grades, such as Mint State or Proof, can fetch substantial sums at auction. For example:

  • 1796 Draped Bust Quarter: Depending on its condition, this coin can be valued from $10,000 to over $100,000.
  • 1823/2 Capped Bust Quarter: This overdate variety can range from $2,000 in lower grades to over $50,000 in higher grades.

By using services like the Professional Coin Grading Service (PCGS) and the Numismatic Guaranty Company (NGC), collectors and investors can ensure the authenticity and condition of their coins. 

A Cornerstone of American Coinage

The Bust Quarter series (1796-1838) offers a fascinating glimpse into the early days of American coinage. With its historical significance and intricate designs, the Bust Quarter remains a cornerstone of numismatic collections. At Bullion Hunters, we provide expert advice and a varied selection of collectible coins. Visit our website or contact us to explore our inventory and enhance your collection with timeless pieces of American history.

Whether you are a seasoned collector or new to numismatics, the Bust Quarter series offers a rich and rewarding collecting experience.