Composed of 88% copper and 12% nickel, Flying Eagle Pennies were minted from 1856 to 1858. These coins shared the same diameter as the later Lincoln cent but were notably thicker and heavier. Despite their short minting period, Flying Eagle Pennies remain a sought-after addition for many collectors. Designed by the US Mint’s Chief Engraver, James Longacre, these pennies are an essential part of US coinage history. The US Mint replaced the Flying Eagles with the Indian Head Penny in 1859, following a multitude of problems with striking.
The first cents produced by the US Mint were known as “Large Cents,” significantly bigger than modern-day quarters. In the 1850s, fluctuations in copper prices prompted the US Mint to seek alternatives, leading to the production of the first “Small Cent,” the Flying Eagle. Mint Director James Ross Snowden advocated for smaller, bronze cents and the elimination of the impractical half-cent. In July 1856, Snowden proposed a copper and nickel metal composition and tasked Chief Engraver James Longacre with preparing the flying eagle design. Production of the Flying Eagle Cents began in April 1857, with an official release in May 1857.
The copper-nickel alloy and design placement caused increased die breakage. To mitigate these issues, The Mint introduced a newly designed version of the cent in 1858 with a shallower relief and smaller letters in the inscriptions in an attempt to resolve the issue. Despite these efforts, the problems persisted, leading to the coin’s retirement and replacement by the Indian Head Penny in 1859. This transition marked a significant moment in U.S. coinage, demonstrating innovations in minting technology and design adaptability.
The obverse features a flying eagle, inspired by the Gobrecht Dollar, with “UNITED STATES OF AMERICA” along the upper rim and the date below. The reverse displays the denomination “ONE CENT” centered within a beautiful agriculturally themed wreath. The timeless elegance of the design has made it a favorite choice among collectors, capturing the artistry of American craftsmanship.
Image source: National Numismatic Collection, National Museum of American History
Flying Eagle Pennies are highly valued by collectors, typically ranging from $25 to $400 depending on condition. Certain varieties stand out due to their rarity and low mintage:
The short minting period and historical significance of Flying Eagle Pennies make them a fascinating addition to any collection. Their value is influenced by condition, rarity, and historical context. Collectors should pay attention to the coin’s details, such as the clarity of the eagle’s feathers and the wreath on the reverse. Coins with sharp, well-defined details are generally more valuable. Additionally, coins that have been professionally graded and encapsulated by reputable services like the Professional Coin Grading Service (PCGS) or the Numismatic Guaranty Company (NGC) tend to command higher prices in the market.
Flying Eagle Pennies are incredibly popular among collectors. As with most coins, the better the condition, the higher the value. If you find one in your possession, we highly recommend consulting a numismatic professional to determine its value. At Bullion Hunters, we provide expert advice and access to a wide range of collectible coins. Visit Bullion Hunters or contact us today to explore our inventory and start building your collection. Our team is dedicated to helping you find the perfect addition to your numismatic portfolio.